What are the primary symptoms of diabetes mellitus?

The primary symptoms of diabetes mellitus include hyperglycemia, polyphagia, and polydipsia, which are directly related to the body’s inability to regulate blood sugar levels effectively.

Hyperglycemia refers to elevated levels of glucose in the blood, a hallmark of diabetes. This occurs due to insufficient insulin production or ineffective use of insulin, leading to an accumulation of glucose that the body cannot utilize for energy.

Polyphagia is the medical term for excessive hunger, which occurs because the body’s cells are not receiving the glucose they need for energy. As a result, despite eating, individuals with diabetes may feel constantly hungry.

Polydipsia indicates excessive thirst, which arises as the body attempts to counteract the high levels of glucose in the bloodstream. The kidneys work harder to eliminate the excess glucose through urine, leading to dehydration and increased thirst.

Other options present symptoms that are not characteristic of diabetes mellitus. Hypoglycemia, if present, would be a result of dangerously low blood sugar levels rather than the primary symptoms of diabetes. While headaches and dizziness may be symptoms in some contexts, they are not specific indicators of diabetes. Lastly, symptoms such as acne, weight loss, and fever are not typically associated with diabetes mellitus and can indicate other